Search results for " static meters"

Metrological characterization and operating principle identification of static meters for reactive energy: an experimental approach under nonsinusoid…

2009

In this paper, an experimental approach is proposed for the metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy and for the individuation of their operating principle in nonsinusoidal conditions. The proposed approach was developed by starting from the only available accuracy test condition in the presence of the harmonics introduced by the standards for active static meters. In this paper, the proposed approach is described, and some experimental tests are presented, which were performed on some meters of different accuracy classes and with both known and unknown operating principles.

Riferibilità dei contatori statici di energia reattiva in presenza di armoniche. Evoluzione normativa e prove sperimentali

2013

The Measurement of Reactive Energy in Polluted Distribution Power Systems: An Analysis of the Performance of Commercial Static Meters

2008

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the performances of both a traditional induction meter and various types of commercial static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. This is a topical issue, since there are several types of static meters on the market, based on different principles of construction. In accordance with current standards, these meters are designed to operate in sinusoidal conditions and their performance is not tested in the presence of harmonic distortion. However, with the increase of pollution levels in power systems, the meters may be used even in the presence of distorted voltages and/or currents; in such cases, their accuracy may …

The metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion

2007

For the electricity metering for billing purposes in distribution systems, the static meters are substituting the traditional inductive meters. Thus, the evaluation of the performances of such equipments is required, also in the presence of disturbances affecting the power systems. With respect to this, this paper analyzes the main aspects related to the metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. Particular attention is given to the reference standard meters, that are not considered by the actual in-force Standards. The analysis is supported by several experimental tests.

Traceability of static reactive energy meters in the presence of harmonics: theoretical considerations and a DAQ-based reference meter

2013

This paper deals with some problems related to the measurements traceability with static meters for reactive energy. These problems arise when the meters operate in the presence of harmonics, which can negatively affect their performances, depending on implemented metric. The paper analyzes the problem in the light of both in-force and draft standards, from the viewpoint of the performances of both commercial meters and reference standard instruments. The analysis is supported by some experimental tests, which are carried out by means of a reference meter, based on data acquisition boards, which can be used in both sinusoidal and distorted conditions.

Static meters for the reactive energy in the presence of harmonics: an experimental metrological characterization

2009

Electricity metering plays a crucial role for all the commercial transactions on the energy market. Thus, an accurate evaluation of the performance of the electricity metering equipment is required not only in the reference operating conditions but also in the presence of disturbances affecting the power systems. As regards this matter, this paper analyzes the main aspects related to the metrological characterization of the static meters for the reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. Attention is focused not only to the meters covered by the current standards but also to the meters of better accuracy and to the reference standard meters. The analysis is supported by several…